Instrument introduction

　　Optical microscope is an optical instrument that uses the principle of optics to magnify and image tiny objects that human eyes cannot distinguish, so that people can extract fine structure information.

　　Instrument structure

　　Mechanical part

　　① Mirror holder: It is the base of the microscope to support the whole lens body.

　　② Mirror column: It is the upright part on the mirror base, which is used to connect the mirror base and the mirror arm.

　　③ Mirror arm: one end is connected to the mirror column, and the other end is connected to the lens barrel, which is the part of the hand when holding the microscope.

　　④ Lens tube: connected to the upper front of the lens arm, the eyepiece is installed at the upper end of the lens barrel, and the objective lens converter is installed at the lower end.

　　⑤ Objective lens converter: connected to the bottom of the prism shell, can rotate freely, there are 3-4 round holes on the plate, which is the part for installing the objective lens, rotate the converter, you can change the objective lens of different magnification, when you hear the knocking sound, Before observation, the optical axis of the objective lens is exactly aligned with the center of the through hole, and the optical path is connected.

　　⑥ stage: under the lens barrel, there are two kinds of square and round shapes for placing slide specimens.

　　⑦ Adjuster: It is two sizes of spiral mounted on the mirror column, and the stage moves up and down during adjustment.

　　1. Coarse adjuster (coarse helix): The large helix is ​​called a coarse adjuster, which can quickly adjust the distance between the objective lens and the specimen to make the object image appear in the field of view. Usually when using a low magnification lens, first use the coarse adjuster to quickly find the object image .

　　2. Fine adjuster (fine spiral): The small spiral is called a fine adjuster, and the stage can be slowly raised and lowered when moving. It is often used when using high magnification mirrors to obtain a clearer object image, and to observe the different levels and differences of the specimen Deep structure

　　Lighting part

　　Installed under the stage, including reflectors and concentrators.

　　① Mirror: It is installed on the lens base and can be rotated in any direction. It has flat and concave sides. Its function is to reflect the light from the light source to the condenser, and then illuminate the specimen through the through hole. The concave mirror has a strong focusing effect , Suitable for use when the light is weak.

　　② Concentrator (concentrator): Located on the collector frame under the stage, it is composed of a condenser and an aperture. Its function is to concentrate the light on the specimen to be observed.

　　Optical part

　　①Eyepiece: It is installed on the upper end of the lens barrel, usually equipped with 2-3, engraved with 5×, 10× or 15× symbols to indicate its magnification, generally equipped with a 10× eyepiece.

　　② Objective lens: It is mounted on the rotator at the lower end of the lens barrel, generally there are 3-4 objective lenses.

　　working principle

　　Optical microscope eyepieces and objective lenses are convex lenses with different focal lengths. The focal length of the convex lens of the objective lens is smaller than the focal length of the convex lens of the eyepiece. The objective lens is equivalent to the lens of a projector, and the object passes through the objective lens to form an inverted, enlarged real image. The eyepiece is equivalent to an ordinary magnifying glass, and the real image is turned into an upright, enlarged virtual image through the eyepiece. Objects from the microscope to the human eye are inverted virtual images. The reflector is used to reflect and illuminate the object under observation. Mirrors generally have two reflecting surfaces: one is a plane mirror, which is used when the light is strong; and one is a concave mirror, which is used when the light is weak and can concentrate the light.

　　Instrument characteristics

　　Optical microscope is mainly characterized by high sensitivity, good precision, good selectivity, simple operation and convenient sample preparation.

　　Common categories

　　1. Conventional microscope

　　Conventional microscope image with microscope in the same direction as the object.

　　Second, compound microscope

　　Double microscope image with microscope in opposite direction.

　　Third, upright microscope

　　The light source of the upright microscope is under the fuselage. The light from the lower light source passes through the condenser to the sample, then passes through the objective lens located above the sample, and then reaches the observer's eye or other imaging instruments through the mirror and lens. Because the space between the objective lens and the condenser lens is small, the objects suitable for observation are usually thin and can be sandwiched between slides. The advantage of this microscope is its simple structure, so most general optical microscopes belong to this category.

　　Fourth, inverted microscope

　　Inverted microscope bright field illumination light source and condenser are from above the fuselage, the light passes through the condenser to the sample, then passes through the objective lens located under the sample, and then reaches the observer's eye or imaging instrument through the reflector and lens. For the fluorescence microscope, the fluorescence excitation light source and the objective lens are located at the bottom.

　　Application field

　　The scope of application of optical microscope is relatively wide, mainly including national defense science and technology, scientific research, environmental protection, agricultural development, industrial modernization, cultural education, genetic biology and medical health. Due to its special status and role, the market for optical microscopes is huge, and the fields involved are also very extensive and deep. We also believe that the market development of optical microscopes will be broader tomorrow.

　　Related brands

　　Famous brands of optical microscopes include Olympus (OLYMPUS) and Leica Microsystems. This brand has different types of optical microscopes to meet the needs of scientific research.